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Tuberculosis is a contagious bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Although it primarily attacks the , it can spread to other parts of the body, such as the brain, spine, and kidneys. It remains one of the world's leading infectious killers, causing approximately 1.5 million deaths annually. Key Concepts in TB Research Latent vs. Active Infection :

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: Common diagnostic tools include the Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST) , developed in 1909, and more modern blood tests like the Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) . Tuberculosis is a contagious bacterial infection caused by

: The BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin) vaccine is often given to children in high-risk countries to prevent severe forms of the disease. Data Context (10190934-Public) Key Concepts in TB Research Latent vs

: The bacteria remain "dormant" in the body. The person has no symptoms and cannot spread the disease to others.