In the context of technology and engineering, refers to the application of Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) to the design or evaluation of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) . Core Definitions
: Using SSM-based guidelines to help Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) adopt CPS by accounting for limited expertise and shifting employee roles.
: Consolidating different perceptions (e.g., from teachers and students in education or workers and managers in factories) to improve system design.
: A qualitative modeling process used to address complex, "messy" problems involving human perceptions and stakeholder conflict. Why They Are Combined
: Moving from rigid hierarchical structures to decentralized "heterarchical" models where machines and humans make autonomous decisions together.