Primary explosives, while often overlooked in favor of more powerful energetic materials, remain critical components in both military and civilian industries. The ongoing shift toward "green" primaries aims to modernize this technology, ensuring efficiency without toxic environmental consequences. New explosive materials to bring nontoxic ammunition

Due to their extreme sensitivity, primary explosives are exceptionally dangerous to handle, particularly when dry.

Crushing a metal primer cup by a firing pin, electrostatic spark, or flash heat.

): Frequently used in percussion primers due to its high sensitivity to fire and electrostatic discharge. 3. The "Holy Grail": Green Primary Explosives

Primary explosives are typically used in milligram quantities, forming part of detonators, primers, and blasting caps. They are designed to possess a rapid transition from deflagration (burning) to detonation (DDT).

For over a century, primary explosives have been dominated by heavy metal compounds, primarily mercury and lead. Mercury Fulminate (