Deuxiгёme Cours De Linguistique Gг©nг©rale (1908-0... May 2026

This report focuses on the , the middle of three lecture series delivered by Ferdinand de Saussure at the University of Geneva. While the posthumous Course in General Linguistics (1916) synthesized all three courses, the Second Course is uniquely significant because it captures his thought in a critical state of transition and was reconstructed primarily from the detailed notebooks of students like Albert Riedlinger and Charles Patois . Core Theoretical Framework

: He emphasizes that a sign is a two-sided psychological entity: the signifier (sound-image) and the signified (concept). DeuxiГЁme cours de linguistique gГ©nГ©rale (1908-0...

: Saussure defines langue (language) as the collective, social system of signs shared by a community, while parole (speech) is the individual, psychological act of speaking. This report focuses on the , the middle

The 1908–1909 lectures refined the foundational "dichotomies" that would later define structuralism: : Saussure defines langue (language) as the collective,